F-stops, Apertures and Lenses: a Lesson with Jon Wason

What is an F-stop? What is an aperture? How does the f-stop relate to the shutter speed? Learn the answers to these questions and more. Jon Wason uses salt to represent light for a lesson that will clarify the concepts and help improve your photography.


Follow this link for a 9 minute video:


http://youtu.be/FBJLg77daP8

Celebrities Are People, too

by Jon Wason copyright 2012

As a photographer I enjoy taking pictures of lighthouses, pansies and covered bridges, but photographing people is a whole different challenge. When a lighthouse or a covered bridge is my subject I don’t say “Oh, I have to take another one because you blinked.”

Last night I was the official photographer at a fundraising event featuring Bob Ley of ESPN and Robin Roberts of Good Morning America and I had a great time interacting with these notable figures. Robin Roberts was very tall and photogenic. She was also very patient with people that asked a question or wanted to pose for a photo. When she arrived at the cocktail hour, before the main event, swarms of people surrounded her. My job was to get a nice photo to preserve this special moment. Several challenges confronted me. The room’s lighting was dreadful because it is a small "black box theater" at Fairfield University, lit by a series of red lights. Yuck.    Additionally, the walls and ceiling were painted flat black. This is where light goes to die.

In a nice calm setting, it would have been easier to set up small groups of people for my shots, but this was a Friday-evening, wine-sipping group of excited people. Add to that the thrill of meeting a figure seen on TV on a regular basis and you have a chaotic atmosphere. The room was also rather loud so it was not easy to ask someone to tilt there head a bit to right or to brush their bangs out of their eyes. Getting a good shot meant I had act fast and use my sign language skills. But I got many great shots. It was fun.

The great thing about the experience was catching the spirit of the enthusiastic participants. Some of the men were so thrilled to pose for a photograph with Bob Ley of ESPN that they were beaming with pride. In the back of their mind they were probably preparing a list of friends and relatives they can impress with the photo.

Josh Elliott of ESPN was not officially scheduled to be part of the event but he showed up and mingled with the crowd. The tall, handsome broadcaster was at ease with women of all ages. What a charmer!

Why Would I Need Filters On My Lens?

by Jon Wason copyright 2012

There are several reasons to use a filter. Serious film shooters usually have a several filters in their camera bag. But with the widespread transition to digital cameras, the use of filters has waned because the after capture processing done in a computer may often accomplish the same results. A dropdown menu in Adobe Photoshop can perform wonders with an image.

However, there is one important thing that a circular piece of glass can do for you: protect your expensive lens from windblown dust, splashed liquids and blunt force impact with the floor. Replacing a cracked, dented or shattered UV filter is a lot cheaper than buying a new lens. A skylight filter is basically a clear glass but it protects your investment. A UV filter is a bit more than just glass; it filters some of the ultra violet rays and can slightly enhance the colors of your images.

The use of either a skylight filter or a UV filter is a wise choice and after taking the baby step you may want to delve deeper into the wonderful world of filters by adding a polarizer filter to your line up of equipment. A polarizer is sort of like sunglasses for your camera but better. This filter has the effect sifting multidirectional light beams into a tidy collection of light that is uniform. This is great for capturing bold blue skies. Another use is eliminating reflections, especially on surface water or glass such as the windshield of a car. The most useful polarizer filter can be rotated into the best position once mounted on the lens. These are called circular polarizer filters. If you want a dramatic sky in your photo, point the camera at about a 45 to 90 degree angle from the sun. Then slightly rotate the polarizer until you get the effect that suits you best. Linear polarizers are a bit lower in cost but cannot do this. One little parlor trick you can perform with two polarizer filters is to stack one in front of the other and rotate it. At a certain point the two polarizers cancel each other out and block all the light. Impressive.

Neutral density filters are used by digital photographers and film photographers. This is a filter that reduces the amount of light that enters the camera. This is desirable when a long exposure is required such as a photo of a mountain stream with blurred out details denoting fast moving water.

There are a variety of special effects filters. One is a star filter that creates a pleasing twinkle when photographing the flame of a candle or sunlight reflecting off a lake. The soft focus filter is a favorite of portrait photographers. It can create a dreamlike effect or reduce the detail of a wrinkled face.

Soft focus

Photographers who shoot black and white film can use color filters to control which parts of the light spectrum enter the camera and expose the film. For instance a red filter can bring out the green tones in an image.

Filters are yet another creative tool for photographers.

Tips for Photographing Children

By Jon Wason copyright 2011
Photographing children can be a challenge but a few simple tips can help you capture some great shots. Children can be hard to photograph because they move quickly. Children also tend to have a short attention span and their mood can change from giggling to crying in two seconds.
The first thing that I recommend when photographing children is to move down to their level because if an adult six feet-tall stands close to a four year-old and shoots a photo of that child most likely the resulting image will be the top of the child’s head. Not a great portrait.
So kneel or sit down and your photographs of children will improve. If you are getting older and your knees can’t take much kneeling; then pull up a chair. You will find yourself closer to eye level with you subjects. Also try moving closer. Some people are always too far from their subject and their images include too much background.

Because little kids run around a lot the photographer has to be ready. Using a flash can stop some of the action. Sports photographers know this. The duration of typical photo strobe is 1/10,000 of a second. Even a sugared up three-year-old does not cover much territory in that short amount of time. Even on a sunny day a flash can improve your photography because mid-day sun tends to created harsh shadows under the eyes, nose and chin. The light of a flash can reduce this problem.
If you are attempting to shoot a formal or semi-formal portrait of a child in a studio setting get the camera and all the equipment set up before the child (or children) are asked to pose. Otherwise the ten minutes or so that they can refrain from running, jumping and playing are wasted as you set the ISO, changes lens and adjust the shutter speed. By the time you are ready to start, they are all done and twitching to get out there and play.

Talented child photographers know how to use props like bubbles, balloons and puppets to get children to look at or at least toward the camera. Babies can be especially challenging since they are just learning to respond to verbal commands. A three-month old cannot understand, “Smile for the camera,” but she will probably look at a red balloon or turn toward a squeaky toy. Be warned that even these new and exciting stimuli will lose their interested after a few times.
What happens if the happy children are uncooperative, bored or crying? I usually try to enlist the help of the parents to get the child to cooperate. But I do not push it too far. I believe that children (and all people) have a limit of how long they can pose for the camera. Even professional models have limits.
Threatening a child to smile or face punishment is not effective but I have witnesses several occasions when a well-meaning parent said something like, “smile or I’ll take away your Gameboy.” It doesn’t bring a smile to the children’s face.
The candid approach is very effective for children. Just let kids be kids and photograph them from a distance. Shoot a lot and delete the ones that did not work out. Also keep practicing. The more you practice the better you will get at photographing children.

A Drive in the Countryside

My morning commute takes me through scenic areas of Connecticut. I drive past Colonial houses dating back to the 1700s, stone fences, woodlands and a few small farms. Sometimes if traffic is light I stop my car and take a few photos. Today I left extra early and enjoyed a beautiful June morning.

As I passed Sherwood Farm in Easton, CT I saw this little old tractor out in the field. It only took a moment to capture a great shot. This farm has been tilled by the Sherwood family for nearly 300 years. They offer all sorts of fresh vegetables and honey.

Another pleasant view on my daily communte is a very old house with no paint. I love the ornate gate in front. Today I got a nice shot of this fine old house in the morning sun. What will I see tomorrow?

These are Some of My Recent Black and White Images

Recently, I have been shooting images of things I find in nature. Although a rock, a root or log is not an amazing or fabulous item, a talented photographer can use creative lighting, composition and exposure techniques to produce a pleasing image.

What I like about this rock is the way the early morning light strikes at an angle creating a light side and a dark side. There is a lot of texture, too.

The photo of the wrinkly root sort of reminds me of an old person's hand. This is a bit of detail attached to the base of a large old Maple tree.

An Old Shed Near Redding Connecticut

This morning I was on my way to work and running a few minutes early so I jumped out of my car and shot a few frames of this rustic old building. I like how this long branch helps frame the image. Connecticut has some scenic areas.